Poultry diseases and treatment
Dr. Mujeeb Ather Asst. Director (Pathologist)
Veterinary Biological Research Institute, Hyderabad .
LYMPHOID LEUCOSIS
Causative agent – RNA virus of sarcoma group.
SIGNS
- Distended abdomen.
- Loss of breast muscle with a prominent keel bone, shriveled
and cyanotic
comb.
- Ascitis in a few birds.
- Loss of appetite.
- Decrease in egg production.
GROSS LESIONS
LIVER
- Very enlarged extending up to the region.
- Dark red in colour with fine white necrotic lesions
distributed throughout the
organ.
- Friable organ with thin margins.
SPLEEN
- The organ is very much swollen, soft, friable and dark
in colour.
Swollen spleen
KIDNEY
- Slight enlargement of the organ with a few to many small
tumerous growths.
- Unilateral involvement is more common.
- The organ is friable.
OVARY, LUNG AND PROVENTRICULUS
- Presence of tumerous growth.
HEART
HISTOPATHOLOGY
LIVER
- Proliferative lesions with occupied uniform distribution
of lymphoblasts
throughout the organ.
- The tumour cells have moderately basophilic cytoplasm.
- The nucleus is round and displaced.
- Hepatic cells shows degenerative changes associated
with necrosis
SPLEEN
- Proliferation of lymphoblasts throughout the organ.
KIDNEY
- Diffuse accumulation of large sized lymphoid cells in
between the tubules and
glomeruli.
OVARY
- Localized mild lymphoid cell infiltration.
HEART
- Focal accumulation of lymphoid cells in intermuscular
fibres and around the
coronary artery.
- Muscle fibres with degenerative changes and necrosis.
LUNGS
- Proliferation of lymphoblasts in bronchial mucosa with
oedema.
PROVENTRICULUS
- Uniformly distributed lymphoblasts with focal aggregation
are seen,
cytoplasm is basophilic and the nucleus is vesicular.
DIAGNOSIS
- By gross lesions.
- Histopathology.
- Isolation.
- ELISA.
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